| ᠲᠠᠨᠳᠠ ᠴᠢᠩᠰᠡᠩ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠡᠷᠳᠠᠮᠳᠠᠨ ᠴ᠊ · | ᠲᠠᠮᠴᠤᠭᠳᠤᠷᠵᠢ 1864 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠤᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠨ | ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠯᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ 1904—1912 ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ | ᠲᠢᠶᠠᠨᠵᠢᠨ᠂ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠨᠠ ︽ ᠳ᠋ᠠ ᠬᠦᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠤ︾ ᠰᠤᠨᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠤᠨᠢᠨ | ᠤ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ᠂ 1912 ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠦᠨᠢᠳ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠳᠠ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ | ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ 1914 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠤᠭᠡᠨᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠦᠷᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠳᠬᠦᠬᠦ | ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠪᠤᠷᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠰᠯᠠᠯ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠠ ︵ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠷ︶ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠡᠷ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠴᠠᠬᠦ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ 1923 ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠠᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠩᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ | ᠱᠠᠪᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠮᠤᠵᠢᠬᠦᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ᠂ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ᠂ ᠲᠦᠪᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠤᠭᠡ᠂ | ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠨᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠳᠬᠦᠯ ᠤᠳ | ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠠ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠦᠬᠦᠯᠠᠯ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯᠠᠨ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠭᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠵᠢᠳᠬᠦᠯ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠦᠪᠤᠷᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠤᠰ ᠲᠠᠨᠳᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ︽ᠬᠦᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠢᠵᠢᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠤᠨ᠂ ᠬᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠴᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠮᠤᠷᠢ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ︽ᠲᠠᠨᠳᠠ ᠭᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠳᠤ | ᠨᠠᠪᠳᠠᠷᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠡᠷᠳᠠᠮᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠢᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠯᠠᠪ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠡᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠬᠤ | ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠢᠷᠠᠵᠡᠢ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠴᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ 1932 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ 69 | ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠡᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠬᠦᠰᠴᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠲᠠᠨᠳᠠ 1910 — 1913 ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ︽ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮ | ᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠢᠷᠳᠢᠨᠴᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠱᠠᠰᠳᠢᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠪᠠᠢ︾ | ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 1917 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ︾᠂ 1923 | ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ︽ ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠨ︾ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠭᠠᠳ | ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ︽ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ︾᠂ ︽ᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠲᠠᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ︾ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ ︽ᠸᠧᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ︾ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠬᠦᠰᠴᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠲᠠᠭᠡᠷᠠ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠠᠷᠠᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠨᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠳᠤᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ | ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠨᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠦᠷᠨᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠷᠳᠠᠮᠳᠠᠳ ︽ | ᠲᠠᠨᠳᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠳ᠋ᠳ᠋ᠾᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡᠳᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠡᠷ ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠢ | ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠤᠳᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠸᠠᠷᠳᠠᠨ᠂ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ | ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠮᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠳᠬᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳᠴᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠯᠳᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠳᠠ | ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠠᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠤᠭᠡ ᠨᠦᠢᠷ ᠵᠡᠬᠦᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠠᠬᠦᠢ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠳᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠴᠢ | ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠤᠳᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠤᠮᠳᠠᠨ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ | ᠡᠭᠡ ᠤᠷᠤᠨᠴᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠮᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠤᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠦᠨᠠᠯᠡᠭᠡ | ᠦᠭᠬᠦᠭᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ |